Leaf Group Ltd. Reports Fourth Quarter 2019 Results

03/16/20

SANTA MONICA, Calif., March 16, 2020 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Leaf Group Ltd. (NYSE: LEAF), a diversified consumer internet company, today reported financial results for the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2019.

Financial Summary
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
    (unaudited)    
    Three months ended   Year ended
    December 31,   December 31, 
    2019     2018     2019     2018  
Marketplaces revenue   $  26,271     $  28,603     $  89,625     $  93,937  
Media revenue      18,828        16,916        65,331        61,105  
Total revenue   $  45,099     $  45,519     $  154,956     $  155,042  
                         
Net loss   $  (5,305 )   $  (4,937 )   $  (26,838 )   $  (23,190 )
                         
EPS - basic and diluted   $  (0.20 )   $  (0.19 )   $  (1.03 )   $  (0.94 )
                         
Adjusted EBITDA(1)   $  (212 )   $  252     $  (7,477 )   $  (1,481 )
                         
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities   $  4,475     $  622     $  (4,270 )   $  (3,302 )
Free cash flow(1)   $  2,642     $  (1,478 )   $  (11,180 )   $  (10,509 )
                         

(1)  These non-GAAP financial measures, and reasons for why the Company believes these non-GAAP financial measures are useful, are described below and reconciled to their most directly comparable GAAP measures in the accompanying tables.

Q4 2019 Financial Summary:

Leaf Group is comprised of two reporting segments: Marketplaces and Media.

For the fourth quarter of 2019:

  • Total revenue decreased 1% year-over-year from $45.5 million to $45.1 million due to an 8% decrease in Marketplaces revenue, partially offset by an 11% increase in Media revenue.
  • Marketplaces revenue declined 8% year-over-year from $28.6 million to $26.3 million, reflecting a 10% year-over-year decline in Society6 Group revenue, partially offset by a 2% increase in Saatchi Art Group revenue year-over-year.
  • Media revenue increased 11% year-over-year from $16.9 million to $18.8 million primarily due to an increase in revenue from our premium sites, including Hunker, partially offset by a decrease in revenue from Livestrong.com.

  • Net loss was $(5.3) million for the quarter, increasing 8% year-over-year, and Adjusted EBITDA was $(0.2) million for the quarter, reflecting a decline of $0.5 million year-over-year.

  • Cash and cash equivalents was $18.1 million at period end with $4.0 million debt outstanding.

  • On a consolidated basis, Leaf Group’s properties reached over 66 million monthly unique visitors in the U.S. in December 2019 (source: December 2019 U.S. comScore).

Operating Metrics:

  (unaudited)      
  Three months ended     Year ended
  December 31,      December 31, 
  2019   2018  
Change
    2019   2018  
Change
Marketplaces Metrics:                                
Number of Transactions(1)   417,999     480,753   (13 )%       1,263,858     1,435,976   (12 )%
Gross Transaction Value(2) (in thousands) $ 33,313   $ 35,681   (7 )%     $ 114,839   $ 116,996   (2 )%
                                 
Media Metrics:                                
Visits per Google Analytics(3) (in thousands)   652,418     622,158   5 %       2,847,099     2,844,125   0 %
Revenue per Visit (RPV)(4) $ 28.86   $ 27.19   6 %     $ 22.95   $ 21.48   7 %


(1) Number of transactions is defined as the total number of Marketplaces transactions successfully completed by a customer during the applicable period, excluding certain transactions generated by Saatchi Art’s The Other Art Fair, such as sales of stand space to artists at fairs, sponsorship fees and ticket sales.
(2) Gross transaction value is defined as the total dollar value of Marketplaces transactions, excluding the revenue from certain transactions generated by Saatchi Art’s The Other Art Fair, such as sales of stand space to artists at fairs, sponsorship fees and ticket sales. Gross transaction value is the total amount paid by the customer including the total product price inclusive of artist margin, shipping charges, sales taxes, and is net of any promotional discounts. Gross transaction value does not reflect any subsequent cancellations, refunds or credits and does not represent revenue earned by the Company.
(3) Visits per Google Analytics is defined as the total number of times users access the Company’s content across (a) one of its owned and operated properties and/or (b) one of its customers’ properties, to the extent that the visited customer web pages are hosted by the Company. In each case, breaks of access of at least 30 minutes constitute a unique visit. Additionally, a visit is also considered to have ended at midnight or if a user arrives via one campaign, leaves, and then comes back via a different campaign.
(4) RPV is defined as Media revenue per one thousand visits.

Shareholder Letter and Conference Call Information

Leaf Group’s detailed Shareholder Letter is available at https://ir.leafgroup.com/investor-overview/quarterly-and-annual-results/default.aspx.

Leaf Group will host a corresponding conference call to answer questions today at 5:00 p.m. Eastern time (2:00 p.m. Pacific time). To access the conference call, dial 833-287-0803 (U.S./CAN) or 647-689-4462 (International) and reference conference ID  2182295. To participate on the live call, analysts should dial-in at least 10 minutes prior to the commencement of the call. A live webcast also will be available on the Investor Relations section of Leaf Group’s corporate website at http://ir.leafgroup.com and via replay beginning approximately two hours after the completion of the call. 

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

To supplement its consolidated financial statements, which are prepared and presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”), Leaf Group uses certain non-GAAP financial measures, as described below. These non-GAAP financial measures are presented to enhance the user’s overall understanding of Leaf Group’s financial performance and should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP. The non-GAAP financial measures presented in this release, together with the GAAP financial results, are the primary measures used by the Company’s management and board of directors to understand and evaluate the Company’s financial performance and operating trends, including period-to-period comparisons, because they exclude certain expenses and gains that management believes are not indicative of the Company’s core operating results. Management also uses these measures to prepare and update the Company’s short and long term financial and operational plans, to evaluate investment decisions, and in its discussions with investors, commercial bankers, equity research analysts and other users of the Company’s financial statements. Accordingly, the Company believes that these non-GAAP financial measures provide useful information to investors and others in understanding and evaluating the Company’s operating results in the same manner as the Company’s management and in comparing operating results across periods and to those of Leaf Group’s peer companies.

The use of non-GAAP financial measures has certain limitations because they do not reflect all items of income and expense, or cash flows, that affect the Company’s financial performance and operations. An additional limitation of non-GAAP financial measures is that they do not have standardized meanings, and therefore other companies, including peer companies, may use the same or similarly named measures but exclude or include different items or use different computations. Management compensates for these limitations by reconciling these non-GAAP financial measures to their most comparable GAAP financial measures in the tables captioned “Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures” included at the end of this release. Investors and others are encouraged to review the Company’s financial information in its entirety and not rely on a single financial measure.

The Company defines Adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (Adjusted EBITDA) as net income (loss) excluding interest (income) expense, income tax expense (benefit), and certain other non-cash or non-recurring items impacting net income (loss) from time to time, principally comprised of depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation, contingent payments to certain key employees/equity holders of acquired businesses and other payments attributable to acquisition, disposition or corporate realignment activities. Management believes that the exclusion of certain expenses and gains in calculating Adjusted EBITDA provides a useful measure for period-to-period comparisons of the Company’s underlying core revenue and operating costs that is focused more closely on the current costs necessary to operate the Company’s businesses, and reflects its ongoing business in a manner that allows for meaningful analysis of trends. Management also believes that excluding certain non-cash charges can be useful because the amounts of such expenses is the result of long-term investment decisions made in previous periods rather than day-to-day operating decisions.

The Company defines Segment Operating Contribution as earnings before corporate or unallocated expenses and also excludes: (a) depreciation expense; (b) amortization of intangible assets; (c) share-based compensation expense; (d) interest and other income (expense); (e) income taxes; and (f) contingent payments to certain key employees/equity holders of acquired businesses. Management believes that the exclusion of certain expenses and gains in calculating Segment Operating Contribution provides a useful measure for period-to-period comparisons of the segment’s underlying revenue and operating costs that is focused more closely on the current costs necessary to operate the segment, and reflects the segment’s ongoing business in a manner that allows for meaningful analysis of trends. Management also believes that excluding certain non-cash charges can be useful because the amounts of such expenses is the result of long-term investment decisions made in previous periods rather than day-to-day operating decisions.

The Company defines Free Cash Flow as net cash provided by (used in) operating activities net of cash flows from contingent payments to certain key employees/equity holders of acquired businesses; other payments attributable to acquisition, disposition or corporate realignment activities; purchases of property and equipment; and purchases of intangible assets. Management believes that Free Cash Flow provides investors with useful information to measure operating liquidity because it reflects the Company’s underlying cash flows from recurring operating activities after investing in capital assets and intangible assets. Free Cash Flow is used by management, and may also be useful for investors, to assess the Company’s ability to generate cash flow for a variety of strategic opportunities, including reinvesting in its businesses, pursuing new business opportunities and potential acquisitions, paying dividends and repurchasing shares.

About Leaf Group

Leaf Group Ltd. (NYSE: LEAF) is a diversified consumer internet company that builds enduring, digital-first brands that reach passionate audiences in large and growing lifestyle categories, including fitness and wellness (Well+Good, Livestrong.com and MyPlate App), and art and design (Saatchi Art, Society6 and Hunker). For more information about Leaf Group, visit www.leafgroup.com.

Cautionary Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the safe harbor provisions of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The forward-looking statements set forth in this press release include, among other things, statements regarding potential synergies achieved from acquisitions, the impact of strategic operational changes and the Company’s future financial performance. In addition, statements containing words such as “guidance,” “may,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “projections,” “business outlook,” and “estimate” or similar expressions constitute forward-looking statements. Actual results may differ materially from the results predicted, and reported results should not be considered an indication of future performance. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties regarding the Company’s future financial performance; could cause actual results or developments to differ materially from those indicated due to a number of factors affecting Leaf Group’s operations, markets, products and services; and are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about the Company’s industry, financial condition, operating performance and results of operations, including certain assumptions related thereto. Potential risks and uncertainties that could affect the Company’s operating and financial results are described in Leaf Group’s annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2019 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (http://www.sec.gov) on March 16, 2020, as such risks and uncertainties may be updated from time to time in Leaf Group’s quarterly reports on Form 10-Q filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including, without limitation, information under the captions “Risk Factors” and “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” These risks and uncertainties include, among others: risks associated with political and economic instability domestically and internationally including those resulting from pandemics, which have and could lead to fluctuations in the availability of credit, decreased business and consumer confidence and increased unemployment, the Company’s ability to successfully drive and increase traffic to its marketplaces and media properties; changes in the methodologies of internet search engines, including ongoing algorithmic changes made by Google, Bing and Yahoo!; the Company’s ability to attract new and repeat customers and artists to its marketplaces and successfully grow its marketplace businesses; the potential impact on advertising-based revenue from lower ad unit rates, a reduction in online advertising spending, a loss of advertisers, lower advertising yields, increased availability of ad blocking software, particularly on mobile devices and/or ongoing changes in ad unit formats; the Company’s dependence on various agreements with a specific business partner for a significant portion of its advertising revenue; the effects of shifting consumption of media content and online shopping from desktop to mobile devices and/or social media platforms; the Company’s history of incurring net operating losses; the Company’s ability to obtain capital when desired on favorable terms; potential write downs, reserves against or impairment of assets including receivables, goodwill, intangibles (including media content) or other assets; the Company’s ability to effectively integrate, manage, operate and grow acquired businesses; the Company’s ability to retain key personnel; the Company’s ability to prevent any actual or perceived security breaches; the Company’s ability to expand its business internationally; the review of strategic alternatives; the Company’s ability to generate long-term value for its stockholders; and any future actions that may be taken by activist stockholders. From time to time, the Company may consider acquisitions or divestitures that, if consummated, could be material. Any forward-looking statements regarding financial metrics are based upon the assumption that no such acquisition or divestiture is consummated during the relevant periods. If an acquisition or divestiture were consummated, actual results could differ materially from any forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statement made by the Company in this press release is based only on information currently available to the Company and speaks only as of the date on which it is made. The Company undertakes no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking information, whether written or oral, that may be made from time to time, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as required by law, and may not provide this type of information in the future.

(Tables Follow)

   
Investor Contacts:  
Jantoon Reigersman
Chief Financial Officer
(310) 917-6413
[email protected]
 
   
Shawn Milne
Investor Relations
(415) 264-3419
[email protected]
 


Leaf Group Ltd. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except per share amounts)

                       
  (unaudited)    
  Three months ended   Year ended
  December 31,    December 31, 
  2019
  2018
  2019
  2018
Revenue:                      
Product revenue $ 22,774     $ 25,333     $ 75,795     $ 83,458  
Service revenue   22,325       20,186       79,161       71,584  
Total revenue   45,099       45,519       154,956       155,042  
Operating expenses:                      
Product costs (exclusive of amortization of intangible assets shown separately below)(1)   17,055       19,987       57,104       61,991  
Service costs (exclusive of amortization of intangible assets shown separately below)(1)(2)   9,509       8,091       35,509       29,168  
Sales and marketing(1)(2)   9,221       9,148       31,719       32,792  
Product development(1)(2)   5,228       4,821       20,880       20,183  
General and administrative(1)(2)   8,709       7,575       33,433       30,159  
Amortization of intangible assets   734       956       3,353       4,071  
Total operating expenses   50,456       50,578       181,998       178,364  
Loss from operations   (5,357 )     (5,059 )     (27,042 )     (23,322 )
Interest income   33       152       265       316  
Interest expense   (25 )     (6 )     (40 )     (11 )
Other income (expense), net   34       13       40       (78 )
Loss before income taxes   (5,315 )     (4,900 )     (26,777 )     (23,095 )
Income tax benefit (expense)   10       (37 )     (61 )     (95 )
Net loss $ (5,305 )   $ (4,937 )   $ (26,838 )   $ (23,190 )
                       
Net loss per share—basic and diluted $ (0.20 )   $ (0.19 )   $ (1.03 )   $ (0.94 )
                       
Weighted average number of shares - basic and diluted   26,233       25,370       25,960       24,581  
__________________                      
                       
(1) Depreciation expense included in the above line items:                      
Product costs $ 442     $ 332     $ 1,604     $ 961  
Service costs   978       880       3,809       3,059  
Sales and marketing   10       6       30       28  
Product development   24       10       59       62  
General and administrative   183       498       1,256       2,089  
Total depreciation $ 1,637     $ 1,726     $ 6,758     $ 6,199  
                       
(2) Stock-based compensation included in the above line items:                      
Service costs $ 381     $ 184     $ 1,139     $ 699  
Sales and marketing   323       177       843       937  
Product development   745       516       2,536       2,278  
General and administrative   1,325       1,168       4,846       5,517  
Total stock-based compensation $ 2,774     $ 2,045     $ 9,364     $ 9,431  
                       


Leaf Group Ltd. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands)

             
    December 31,    December 31, 
    2019
  2018
Assets            
Current assets            
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 18,106     $ 31,081  
Accounts receivable, net     14,402       12,627  
Prepaid expenses and other current assets     2,555       3,932  
Total current assets     35,063       47,640  
Property and equipment, net     13,797       13,126  
Operating lease right-of-use assets     12,645        
Intangible assets, net     12,589       13,933  
Goodwill     19,465       19,435  
Other assets     1,044       988  
Total assets   $ 94,603     $ 95,122  
             
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity            
Current liabilities            
Accounts payable   $ 7,825     $ 1,519  
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities     21,291       22,149  
Deferred revenue     2,464       2,115  
Revolving line of credit     4,000        
Total current liabilities     35,580       25,783  
Deferred tax liability     63       86  
Operating lease liabilities     10,863        
Other liabilities     287       2,566  
Total liabilities     46,793       28,435  
Commitments and contingencies            
Stockholders’ equity            
Common stock     3       3  
Additional paid-in capital     562,332       554,403  
Treasury stock     (35,706 )     (35,706 )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss     (20 )     (52 )
Accumulated deficit     (478,799 )     (451,961 )
Total stockholders’ equity     47,810       66,687  
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity   $ 94,603     $ 95,122  


      Leaf Group Ltd. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)

                         
    (unaudited)    
    Three months ended December 31,    Year ended December 31, 
    2019
  2018   2019   2018
Cash flows from operating activities                        
Net loss   $ (5,305 )   $ (4,937 )   $ (26,838 )   $ (23,190 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:                        
Depreciation and amortization     2,371       2,682       10,111       10,270  
Non-cash lease expense     677             2,063        
Deferred income taxes     (43 )     29       (23 )     46  
Stock-based compensation     2,774       2,045       9,364       9,431  
Gain from sale of asset     (24 )           (24 )      
Other     55       (52 )     173       15  
Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisitions and disposals:                        
Accounts receivable, net     (2,592 )     (498 )     (1,938 )     (1,310 )
Prepaid expenses and other current assets     628       (239 )     1,473       (904 )
Other long-term assets     3       43       112       274  
Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities     (832 )           (2,527 )      
Accounts payable     4,328       (584 )     6,362       (806 )
Accrued expenses and other liabilities     2,680       3,223       (2,927 )     3,954  
Deferred revenue     (245 )     (1,090 )     349       (1,082 )
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities     4,475       622       (4,270 )     (3,302 )
Cash flows from investing activities                        
Purchases of property and equipment     (1,830 )     (2,100 )     (6,997 )     (7,162 )
Purchases of intangible assets     (3 )           (3 )     (45 )
Proceeds from sale of assets     24             24        
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired                 (1,900 )     (10,349 )
Other           3             8  
Net cash used in investing activities     (1,809 )     (2,097 )     (8,876 )     (17,548 )
Cash flows from financing activities                        
Borrowings from revolving line of credit     4,000             4,000        
Proceeds from exercises of stock options and purchases under ESPP     35       546       761       2,016  
Proceeds from issuance of common stock                       23,367  
Taxes paid on net share settlements of restricted stock units     (258 )     (777 )     (2,661 )     (3,961 )
Cash paid for acquisition holdback                 (625 )      
Cash paid for contingent consideration liability                 (934 )     (905 )
Cash paid for debt issuance costs     (110 )           (110 )      
Other     (16 )     (17 )     (91 )     (68 )
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities     3,651       (248 )     340       20,449  
Effect of foreign currency on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash     (1 )     (6 )     (3 )     36  
Change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash     6,316       (1,729 )     (12,809 )     (365 )
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period     12,810       33,664       31,935       32,300  
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period   $ 19,126     $ 31,935     $ 19,126     $ 31,935  
                         
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash                        
Cash and cash equivalents   $ 18,106     $ 31,081     $ 18,106     $ 31,081  
Restricted cash included in other current assets     136       136       136       136  
Restricted cash included in other long-term assets     884       718       884       718  
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the statement of cash flows   $ 19,126     $ 31,935     $ 19,126     $ 31,935  


Leaf Group Ltd. and Subsidiaries
Reconciliations of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
(In thousands)

                         
    (unaudited)    
    Three months ended December 31,    Year ended December 31, 
    2019   2018   2019   2018
Adjusted EBITDA:                        
Net loss   $  (5,305 )   $  (4,937 )   $  (26,838 )   $  (23,190 )
Add (deduct):                        
Income tax (benefit) expense, net      (10 )      37        61        95  
Interest (income) expense, net      (8 )      (146 )      (225 )      (305 )
Other expense (income), net      (34 )      (13 )      (40 )      78  
Depreciation and amortization(1)      2,371        2,682        10,111        10,270  
Stock-based compensation(2)      2,774        2,045        9,364        9,431  
Acquisition, disposition, realignment and contingent payment costs(3)      —        584        90        2,140  
Adjusted EBITDA   $  (212 )   $  252     $  (7,477 )   $  (1,481 )
                         
Free Cash Flow:                        
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities   $  4,475     $  622     $  (4,270 )   $  (3,302 )
Purchases of property and equipment      (1,830 )      (2,100 )      (6,997 )      (7,162 )
Purchases of intangible assets      (3 )      —        (3 )      (45 )
Acquisition, disposition, realignment and contingent payments(3)      —        —        90        —  
Free Cash Flow   $  2,642     $  (1,478 )   $  (11,180 )   $  (10,509 )
                         


(1) Represents depreciation expense of the Company’s long-lived tangible assets and amortization expense of its finite-lived intangible assets, including amortization expense related to its investment in media content assets as included in the Company’s GAAP results of operations.
(2) Represents the expense related to stock-based awards granted to employees, as included in the Company’s GAAP results of operations.
(3) Represents such items, when applicable, as (a) legal, accounting and other professional service fees directly attributable to acquisition, disposition or corporate realignment activities, (b) employee severance, (c) contingent payments to certain key employees/equity holders of acquired businesses, and (d) other payments attributable to acquisition, disposition or corporate realignment activities.


Leaf Group Ltd. and Subsidiaries
Reconciliation of Segment Disclosure
(In thousands)

                         
    (unaudited)
Three months ended December 31, 
  Year ended December 31, 
    2019   2018   2019   2018
Segment Revenue:                        
Marketplaces   $ 26,271     $ 28,603     $ 89,625     $ 93,937  
Media     18,828       16,916       65,331       61,105  
Total revenue   $ 45,099     $ 45,519     $ 154,956     $ 155,042  
                         
Segment Operating Contribution:                        
Marketplaces(1)   $ (342 )   $ (967 )   $ (2,182 )   $ (1,131 )
Media(1)     7,812       7,866       24,730       26,419  
Add (deduct):                        
Corporate expenses(2)     (7,682 )     (6,726 )     (30,025 )     (27,089 )
Acquisition, disposition and realignment costs(3)           79             320  
Adjusted EBITDA   $ (212 )   $ 252     $ (7,477 )   $ (1,481 )
                         
Reconciliation to consolidated pre-tax income (loss):                        
Adjusted EBITDA   $ (212 )   $ 252     $ (7,477 )   $ (1,481 )
Add (deduct):                        
Interest income (expense), net     8       146       225       305  
Other income (expense), net     34       13       40       (78 )
Depreciation and amortization(4)     (2,371 )     (2,682 )     (10,111 )     (10,270 )
Stock-based compensation(5)     (2,774 )     (2,045 )     (9,364 )     (9,431 )
Acquisition, disposition, realignment and contingent payment costs(6)           (584 )     (90 )     (2,140 )
Loss before income taxes   $ (5,315 )   $ (4,900 )   $ (26,777 )   $ (23,095 )
                         


(1) Segment operating contribution reflects earnings before corporate and unallocated expenses and also excludes: (a) depreciation expense; (b) amortization of intangible assets; (c) share-based compensation expense; (d) interest and other income (expense); (e) income taxes; and (f) contingent payments to certain key employees/equity holders of acquired businesses.
   
(2) Corporate expenses include corporate and unallocated operating expenses that are not directly attributable to the operating segments, including: corporate information technology, marketing and general and administrative support functions and also excludes the following: (a) depreciation expense; (b) amortization of intangible assets; (c) share-based compensation expense; (d) interest and other income (expense); and (e) income taxes.
   
(3) Represents such items, when applicable, as (a) legal, accounting and other professional service fees directly attributable to acquisition, disposition or corporate realignment activities, (b) employee severance, and (c) other payments attributable to acquisition, disposition or corporate realignment activities, excluding contingent payments to certain key employees/equity holders of acquired businesses.
   
(4) Represents depreciation expense of the Company’s long-lived tangible assets and amortization expense of its finite-lived intangible assets, including amortization expense related to its investment in media content assets, included in the Company’s GAAP results of operations.
   
(5) Represents the expense related to stock-based awards granted to employees as included in the Company’s GAAP results of operations.
   
(6) Represents such items, when applicable, as (a) legal, accounting and other professional service fees directly attributable to acquisition, disposition or corporate realignment activities, (b) employee severance, (c) contingent payments to certain key employees/equity holders of acquired businesses, and (d) other payments attributable to acquisition, disposition or corporate realignment activities.

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Source: Leaf Group Ltd.